Why would God allow suffering? Part 2
First, so much suffering humans experience—really think about it—is
answered in my first point in my previous post (which you need to read!). That is, being victimized—suffering when we don’t
deserve it—is almost always caused from another person’s evil choice.
This even counts when family
and friends are devastated by someone’s suicide. That person’s decision is causing the suffering. And it is completely unfair to those affected.
They didn’t ask for that pain and suffering and trauma. God didn’t cause the pain;
the person who died caused the pain.
This counts for so many
millions of children dying of starvation. Evil rulers and despots refuse to
care for their people. They withhold food and water. It causes their people to
die of starvation.
This counts for a whole, wide
range of suffering around the globe. Most suffering humans experience in the
world is experienced because another person is causing it or caused it. And
that’s the real, awful shame: we humans could do good instead of evil.
Second, this really only leaves natural events: you know,
tornadoes, hurricanes, etc. That is, some suffering is because of the Laws of
Nature. When a construction worker falls off a roof and breaks his leg, it’s
the result of the force of gravity. When water fills up a town during a
hurricane and people drown, it’s because humans can’t breathe under water. We could
go on and on with examples of “natural disasters.” Of course, it’s only a “disaster”
when it causes humans to suffer. We don’t call lightning strikes in the
wilderness, which can kill trees and the organisms and insects on those trees,
a “natural disaster.” It’s just what
nature does. It really only bothers us when humans suffer.
Now, it’s crucial to understand
that natural laws are necessary for humans. They allow us stability and the
capacity to cultivate crops and develop society. Imagine trying to grow crops
with dirt floating around in zero gravity. Imagine attempting to build a
civilization if there were no natural laws or uniformity: random black holes,
fluctuating gravity patterns, stars bursting into existence by the moon, etc.
It would be absolute chaos. Human flourishing would be impossible. We need
laws. Laws are good for us.
Unfortunately, of course,
these laws cause things to happen that can cause humans to suffer, like
hurricanes and tornadoes. Hurricanes are wonderful for the ocean’s climate. They
feed wildlife in the ocean; they redistribute heat energy in the oceans; they
dump millions of gallons of water on land, which is drunk by not only all
wildlife and plants, but also humans. I wonder how many millions of gallons of
water were dumped into cisterns and wells deep within the Earth when Katrina
came to shore.
That is, (at least some)
natural events do good (even if we can’t yet know every single way it does
good). The only problem is: they can cause humans to suffer. And that bothers
us.
So, the question goes like
this, “God, why did you create the Laws of Nature like the way they are if they
can cause humans to suffer?”
The answer is not revealed in
Scripture or in revelation. Could God have created a universe or planet with
humans on it without hurricanes? Without
tornadoes? Without the rise of cancer or H.I.V.? I guess so.
What I do know is that the suffering natural events can cause is necessary
for humans to experience a wide range of character-building opportunities. I
can develop courage, patience, sacrifice, generosity, humility, etc. when
serving those who have suffered.
And this is the point where
atheists can get so mad. I mentioned “character-building.” This leads me to my
third point.
Third, in the Christian worldview, your physical/emotional pleasure
is not the ultimate good. Your lack of suffering is not the ultimate good. Your
physical life is not the ultimate good. God (and what He wants) is the ultimate
good. We are not God’s pets, brought into existence to be raised in the most comfortable
environment possible, given treats whenever “good,” and kept as happy as
possible.
I cannot overemphasize this
point enough. When Christians say that God is “all-good,” we do not mean what the typical atheist means
by goodness: the prevention of suffering. We do not mean that God wants humans to be happy at all times. God is
certainly all-good; it’s just that His goodness is not manifested by making
sure we never suffer. God’s goodness is manifested by His unrelenting care for our good. This is the whole ballgame. God
cares for my good, not for my happiness. My “good” involves a whole range of
character-building experiences in an effort to get us to behave, think, and
value just as Jesus does.
Any parent with basic, healthy
goals for their children understands this point. I absolutely adore my
children. What I most certainly do not want for them the most is “for
them to be happy” (the most common expression I hear from parents). What an absurd, childish, silly goal that would be. Crack addicts are happy. Sociopaths
are happy. Thieves are happy.
I want my children to develop
profoundly healthy, Christian character. And this means that I will deliberately limit their happiness in
some areas and even cause them suffering in order for their characters to
develop in the way I want.
And to want this is not
sadistic. It’s called good parenting. My kids must get ready for the real
world. They need to have the character necessary to meet the demands of life.
And it’s my job as their parent to make sure their character is ready for
adulthood. If I only make sure they are like my pets—fat and happy—then I will
have failed them miserably! (Though my pets aren’t fat…spare the emails.)
God, to say it once more, does
not want us to be happy all the time. His goal is to form us into the image of
His Son. This will involve multiple instances, instances that might include suffering, where I get to develop my
character to be like His.
There is simply no way around this fact: the Christian narrative presents God as one who is chiefly concerned with my good, not my happiness. Jesus suffered and died a tortuous death on a cross. Moreover, He guaranteed suffering would occur to His disciples. There is simply no way around this fact. You cannot believe that God really just wants you to avoid suffering while Jesus, God's Son and the Messiah, died a horrible, suffering death. In fact, Jesus's suffering demonstrates another key element of suffering: that is suffering one person experiences so that another person does not.
There is simply no way around this fact: the Christian narrative presents God as one who is chiefly concerned with my good, not my happiness. Jesus suffered and died a tortuous death on a cross. Moreover, He guaranteed suffering would occur to His disciples. There is simply no way around this fact. You cannot believe that God really just wants you to avoid suffering while Jesus, God's Son and the Messiah, died a horrible, suffering death. In fact, Jesus's suffering demonstrates another key element of suffering: that is suffering one person experiences so that another person does not.
And that’s a great thing. It’s
a really good thing. We live in a world, with other free-willed moral agents
and natural events that gives us plenty
of opportunities to develop our character and to suffer on behalf of others; to be really, genuinely morally
responsible for other people in their pain and suffering; to be able to suffer ourselves so that other people are morally responsible for us; etc. They develop their
character; we develop ours. Our planet is a huge classroom. And every day we
have the chance to learn something.
The problem is, many people
think that God is the progenitor of the “American Dream.” We think God is good
only as much as He makes sure we’re blessed, rich, safe, and comfortable…that
our dreams come true. (And let me tell you, I know that this message sells
millions of books!) Unfortunately, that’s false. It’s simply false (Read the
Gospels and tell me that God is chiefly concerned with my happiness…).
Fourth, not one single thing I’ve said so far makes suffering fun,
easy, likeable, nice, or awesome. Nothing. It takes one single picture in our
mind of people drowning in hurricane waters, tsumani waves, the winds of a
tornado, the starvation of a person without adequate rainfall or produce, the
murder of a child, etc. to give us a visceral response to suffering. Believe me,
I hate those realities too.
So, I need to be very clear
here: the fact that people suffer is
not good. The fact that we have the opportunities
to develop our character is good.
If there are good reasons for
suffering in our world, then why do I still hate suffering? Why do I still have
an emotional response to suffering?
Because it’s suffering. It’s
pain. We’re supposed to have emotional/psychological response to suffering so that we go do something about it. And
no amount of intellectual answers make our visceral, emotional responses go
away. They shouldn’t.
Now, this is a very big deal.
Why? Because most who reject Christianity because of suffering do so because no
amount of explanation makes the emotional response to suffering go away. It
still bothers them tremendously. My point here is: it should. I don’t know any Christian I’ve ever met in my life who
is also not terribly bothered by the suffering in the world. If you’re waiting
on suffering to feel good before you’ll
consider Christianity, then I’m afraid you’ll be waiting forever.
Fifth, understanding why suffering occurs will never ever make
suffering easier to experience. That’s
not how the psyche works. To be very clear—the very best response to suffering
is to grieve, not to seek for answers as to “why.” I don’t like to have my
tooth pulled even though I know perfectly well why it needs to be done. Knowing “why” doesn’t make the suffering
go away. Suffering still hurts no matter what I understand. Of course it does;
it’s suffering.
Sixth, in the Christian worldview, which is true, all suffering
will be punished or rewarded. The ancient prophets believed that God caused the
ancient Jews to suffer from time to time because of their disobedience. That
is, God would inspire certain nations to attack the Jews or cause droughts,
etc.. This caused much suffering. In the New Testament, we learn that God no
longer does that. God’s punishment for all humans who are not Christians will
take place on what we call the Day of the Lord (Yom Adonnai) or Judgment Day. Of course, embracing the gospel
obviates judgment.
And for Christians, we will be
rewarded for our role in the Kingdom of God by the grace of God (e.g., Matt
16:27). The apostle Paul, who was betrayed, beaten multiple times, shipwrecked
multiple times, hungry often, imprisoned constantly, was also concerned,
worried, or depressed for his churches at all times. He knew suffering. He knew
it well. And he gives a response to his immense suffering in life that only
befits the Christian worldview:
“Therefore we do not despair, but even if our
physical body is wearing away, our inner person is being renewed day by day. For
our momentary, light suffering is producing for us an eternal weight of glory
far beyond all comparison because we are not looking at what can be seen but at
what cannot be seen. For what can be seen is temporary, but what cannot be seen
is eternal” (2Co 4:16-18 NET).
Seventh, ancient Jews and Christians never once saw suffering as evidence
that God didn’t exist. They questioned God’s thoughts. They might question His
attentiveness or awareness to a person’s plight. What they didn’t do was become atheists. And we don’t have evidence (though
it certainly might have happened) that any Jews ever stopped being observant
Jews because of suffering.
The same is true of
Christians. They might return to believe in their former gods, but they wouldn’t
turn into an atheist. Very few people in the ancient world would qualify as an
atheist. However, Christians most certainly could reject Jesus after they
experienced suffering (e.g., Mark 4:17; Hebrews 6:4-6). This is why Christian
authors constantly encouraged their audience to “endure” or “to conquer” (the
temptation to reject Christianity)—to make it to the end faithfully (e.g., Mark
13:13; Hebrews 10:36; throughout Revelation).
Eighth, perhaps the most common reason why a Christian is able to
survive immense suffering in life is the one reason that is most allusive and frustrating
to atheists: because we trust God.
Now, why in the world would we
do that? Is because we’re just stupid? Blind to the truth? Oblivious? Desperate
to believe in something? Just because it brings us comfort? Perhaps. Perhaps there are Christians
who believe they can trust God for these reasons. It’s just that I don’t know
of any serious, thinking Christian who would espouse such views.
I sure don’t trust God for those
reasons.
I trust God during suffering
for two reasons: (1) The biblical narrative demonstrates to me that God can be
trusted. God uses every single event in history in His grand scheme of establishing the kingdom of God. Jesus’s ministry and life, death, and resurrection tells me that God
is profoundly loving. It tells me that in the midst of extreme suffering, He
has not abandoned me. It tells me that suffering is to be expected and that He
is the best source of comfort I have available. (2) My personal experiences of
suffering have been so much more tolerable because of the real, actual presence
of God. I haven’t experienced God’s peace all
the time or in every experience.
Nope. But, I have enough to know that He’s present with me.
And this isn’t unique. You can
speak with millions and millions of Christians who will tell you the same
thing. They will tell you that they have really, genuinely felt a kind of
hopeful peace in the midst of suffering that sustained them. Go ahead. Ask them.
Finally, I want to end on this
analogy…a parable if you will. Imagine that you commit to picking me up for
work one day because my car broke. But, you never showed. Because of that, I
got fired. My boss didn’t care why I didn’t show. It now means I must move to a
cheaper place. My kids won’t be able to get those braces they need. My wife
will have to work longer hours because of it.
Someone comes up to me and
asks me about the suffering I’m going through. They inquire as to why I’m going
through it. I tell them it’s because I counted on you to follow through on your
commitment to me. This person declares, “You really think that your friend
exists?! Really?! Where was your friend when you needed him?”
I respond, “I don’t know. He
hasn’t told me yet.”
The person continues: “You
really think any friend would do that to you? Either your friend doesn’t exist,
and you’re just delusional and seriously need medication; or, your friend is a
villain. There’s simply no way around it. Either your friend is a fairy tale or
evil.”
(What would you think of this
person’s charge against you?)
I might respond, “No…no. You
don’t know my friend like I do. And this is crucial: if you knew my friend like I do, you would trust him. I know enough
of my friend to trust him when things happen that I don’t understand.
Eventually he’ll tell me why his absence caused this suffering. But for now…I trust him.”
Now, don’t miss this: Imagine
how hard it would be for me to convince you that my friend is trustworthy without you knowing him like I do. No matter what I said to you, you’d not
be fully convinced that my friend is fully trustworthy. You’d think me a little crazy. Moreover, and maybe more importantly, you'd never place your trust in my friend based solely on my testimony about my friend. The only way to trust a person is get to know the person personally--yourself. So it is with God. You might think I could trust him; you'd not be inclined to put your trust in him yourself. This is precisely why we
don’t ever start with someone’s absence
when getting to know someone’s character. We start with what we do know about the person.
Christians don’t make some
blind leap of faith into the unknown. We don’t begin with absence and just hope
we’re right. We trust a God who revealed Himself in Jesus of Nazareth. We start
with what we do know and then trust
Him with what we don’t know.
And until you know God the way
most Christians do, no amount of response to the problem of suffering will
suffice. And I don’t blame you! I wouldn’t trust someone I didn’t know.
But, boy…am I so glad I know
Him.
I hope you do too.